Kalpana Chawla Life History In Tamil Pdf 37 [BETTER]

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Major risk factors associated with T2DM are obesity, family history, sedentary lifestyle, and comorbidities.[8] Consumption of energy-dense foods with reduced physical activity is the key contributor to obesity among young people. Family history is another factor associated with the development of T2DM in offsprings. Consequently, the offspring of a parent with T2DM has high chances of having T2DM in adulthood and the risk is even higher when both the parents have T2DM.[9] Insulin resistance is a common key mechanism in the pathogenesis of T2DM and other comorbid conditions include hypertension, dyslipidemia, polycystic ovary syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. These risk factors predominantly affect the young population which could lead to longer disease exposure and increased chronic complications.[10,11,12] Hence, the early identification of risk factors is necessary to avoid further complications and comorbidities.

A family history of T2DM is the most important nonmodifiable risk factor responsible for the early occurrence of T2DM. This study showed that more than 60% of patients across all age groups had a family history of T2DM. Similar findings were observed in studies done by Patel et al. in Gujarat and Geetha et al. in Tamil Nadu which reported positive family history of DM in around 60% of the population.[17,18] People with a positive family history are more prone to develop DM at the early stages of life.[17] This showed that family history of T2DM is highly associated with the increasing risk of T2DM in young population. Early screening in young population can be helpful in identifying the people with a positive history of DM and can be made aware of the early risk of diabetes and modify the lifestyle accordingly. Behavioral modification including proper physical activity and healthy diet will be advised to these patients for delaying the early onset of this disease.

The present study is a large-scale study involving a large cohort of the young Indian adults and therefore could provide the evidence with respect to the strong correlation between these risk factors.[19,20] A recently published cross-sectional study evaluated that lifestyle factors including alcoholism, smoking, obesity, and family history were the risk factors related to diabetes.[21] In the present study, the prevalence of T2DM was more common in young adult patients of age ranging from 25 to 45 years. Further, family history of T2DM, regular smoking, and sedentary lifestyle were the other risk factors observed in our population. A recent meta-analysis also demonstrated supporting evidence with respect to common risk factors associated with T2DM that include smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.[22] 2b1af7f3a8